Free online tool
Case Converter
Change text to Title Case, Sentence case, UPPER CASE, lower case and more as you type. Pick APA, AP, Chicago, MLA, AMA or Bluebook title rules, or convert names to camelCase, snake_case and kebab-case. Paste text, upload a document or load a web page.
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- Text and files stay in your browser
Your text
Type, paste, upload a file or load a web page.
The address is sent to our page reader, which fetches the page and returns its text. Nothing is stored. Pages that need a login, or that block automated visits, cannot be read.
Choose a case
The result updates as soon as you pick one.
Writing
Developer and URLs
Preview of the result
Options
Separate words with commas, spaces or new lines. Each word you add keeps the capitals you type here in Title Case, Sentence case and Capitalized Case. Your list is saved in this browser.
Clean up text
These change the text in the box. Use the Undo button to bring the old text back. Remove symbols keeps letters, numbers, spaces and common punctuation.
How it works
How this case converter works
Pick a case and the result updates as you type, while your original text stays untouched. Title Case follows the capitalization rules of the style guide you choose, and the developer cases split names into words before joining them again.
Sentence case
Capitalizes the first letter of each sentence and the word I, and lowercases the rest. Common acronyms and brands such as NASA, API and iPhone keep their capitals, and abbreviations such as "Dr." and "e.g." do not start a new sentence.
Title Case
Capitalizes the main words and lowercases small ones such as "the", "of" and "to". Choose APA, AP, Chicago, MLA, AMA or Bluebook, because the styles disagree about words such as "with" and "from". The first and last words and the first word after a colon are always capitalized.
Capitalized Case
Capitalizes the first letter of every word and lowercases the rest, with no exceptions for small words. Use it for names and labels. Use Title Case for headlines and titles.
Developer cases
camelCase, PascalCase, snake_case, CONSTANT_CASE, kebab-case, Train-Case, dot.case, path/case and URL slugs. Words are found from spaces, symbols and capital letters inside a word, so
XMLHttpRequestbecomesxml_http_request.Lists and lines
With "Treat each line separately" on, every line is converted on its own, so you can paste a list of headings, names or column titles. Turn it off for text that wraps over several lines.
Private by design
Conversion happens in your browser. Text you type or paste, and files you upload, are not sent anywhere. The only exception is loading a web page, which uses a small page-reading service.
Here is how the converter handles text that is tricky, including two cases it cannot get right on its own:
| Your text | Case | Result | What happens |
|---|---|---|---|
| THE EXAM IS TOMORROW. DON'T FORGET TO STUDY. | Sentence case | The exam is tomorrow. Don't forget to study. | Caps lock text becomes normal sentences. |
| we use the API on an iphone. nasa agrees | Sentence case | We use the API on an iPhone. NASA agrees | Known acronyms and brands such as API, iPhone and NASA get their usual capitals. |
| i moved to denver with my friend ana | Sentence case | I moved to denver with my friend ana | Names are not on any list, so Denver and Ana stay lowercase. Check names yourself, or add them under Your own spellings. |
| dr. smith paid 3.14 for e.g. a pen. then he left. | Sentence case | Dr. smith paid 3.14 for e.g. a pen. Then he left. | Abbreviations such as Dr. and e.g. and the decimal point do not start a new sentence. |
| XMLHttpRequest | snake_case | xml_http_request | A capital letter in the middle of a word starts a new word. |
| parseHTTPResponse | kebab-case | parse-http-response | An acronym followed by a word is split before the last capital. |
| Café Crème: the Best! | URL slug | cafe-creme-the-best | Accents and symbols are removed. |
No converter can know everything. It cannot tell that a lowercase word is a name, so "denver" stays lowercase in Sentence case. It treats words such as "up", "out" and "off" as prepositions, so a phrasal verb like "look up" may need a capital by hand in some styles. Your own spellings list fixes the first problem for names and brands you use often, and the Title styles tab shows why each word was changed.
Reference
Which case should I use?
Each case has a usual job. The examples below were produced by this converter from the text advanced case converter tool.
| Case | Example | Where it is usually used |
|---|---|---|
| UPPER CASE | ADVANCED CASE CONVERTER TOOL | Short labels, warnings and acronyms. Long stretches are harder to read. |
| lower case | advanced case converter tool | Tags, email addresses, search terms and anywhere capitals do not matter. |
| Sentence case | Advanced case converter tool | Normal writing, button and menu labels, and article titles in an APA reference list. |
| Capitalized Case | Advanced Case Converter Tool | Names, product labels and headings where every word starts with a capital. |
| Title Case | Advanced Case Converter Tool | Headlines, book and article titles, and headings, following a style guide. |
| camelCase | advancedCaseConverterTool | Variable and function names in JavaScript, Java and many JSON APIs. |
| PascalCase | AdvancedCaseConverterTool | Class and type names, and React components. |
| snake_case | advanced_case_converter_tool | Python variables and functions, Ruby and SQL column names. |
| CONSTANT_CASE | ADVANCED_CASE_CONVERTER_TOOL | Constants and environment variables. |
| kebab-case | advanced-case-converter-tool | Web addresses, CSS class names and file names on the web. |
| dot.case | advanced.case.converter.tool | Configuration keys and translation keys in some frameworks. |
| aLtErNaTiNg cAsE | aDvAnCeD CaSe cOnVeRtEr tOoL | Jokes and memes. It is hard to read, so use it sparingly. |
Whatever you pick, being consistent matters more than the choice itself. Follow the style guide of your school, publisher or codebase.
Title case
Title case rules in APA, AP, Chicago, MLA, AMA and Bluebook
Every style capitalizes the first word, the last word and the main words, but they draw the line between "small" and "main" words in different places. This table shows the rule the converter applies for each style.
| Style | Lowercase in the middle of a title | Capitalized | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| APA 7 | Articles, and conjunctions and prepositions of three letters or fewer | Words of four letters or more, major words, both parts of hyphenated major words, and the first word after a colon | APA Style: title case capitalization |
| AP | Articles, and conjunctions and prepositions of three letters or fewer | All other words, including prepositions and conjunctions of four letters or more, and the first and last words | The AP Stylebook is paid, so this is the rule as quoted in a university style guide. It covers titles of works. AP news headlines are normally written in sentence case. |
| Chicago 18 | Articles, "and", "but", "for", "or", "nor", "to", "as", and prepositions of four letters or fewer | Prepositions of five letters or more, and the first and last words | Chicago Q and A and the 18th edition announcement |
| MLA 9 | Articles, coordinating conjunctions, "to" in infinitives, and all prepositions whatever their length | Principal words, including subordinating conjunctions, the parts of a hyphenated compound, and the first and last words | The MLA Handbook is paid, so this is the rule as quoted by a college library guide. |
| AMA 11 | Articles, coordinating conjunctions, and prepositions of three letters or fewer | Major words, both parts of a hyphenated compound, and two-letter verbs such as "is" and "be" | AMA Style tip sheet |
| Bluebook | Articles, conjunctions and prepositions of four letters or fewer | The first word, the first word after a colon, and all other words | The Bluebook is paid, so this is Rule 8 as summarized in a Georgetown Law guide written for the 22nd edition. |
Two limits to know about. The converter looks at one word at a time and does not read grammar, so it only treats and, as, but, for, if, nor, or, so and yet as conjunctions. Longer ones such as when, than or because are capitalized, which is right for most styles but not for the Bluebook's four-letter conjunctions. And MLA lowercases "as" when it is a preposition but capitalizes it in phrases such as "as if", which the converter cannot tell apart, so it capitalizes "as" in MLA.
The same title comes out differently depending on the style. Words that differ between styles are the ones in the middle of this example:
| Style | Result for "writing with confidence between drafts: from first idea to final edit" |
|---|---|
| APA 7 | Writing With Confidence Between Drafts: From First Idea to Final Edit |
| AP | Writing With Confidence Between Drafts: From First Idea to Final Edit |
| Chicago 18 | Writing with Confidence Between Drafts: From First Idea to Final Edit |
| MLA 9 | Writing with Confidence between Drafts: From First Idea to Final Edit |
| AMA 11 | Writing With Confidence Between Drafts: From First Idea to Final Edit |
| Bluebook | Writing with Confidence Between Drafts: From First Idea to Final Edit |
APA, AP and AMA agree on this example, as do Chicago 18 and the Bluebook. MLA is the odd one out because it lowercases every preposition, including "between". Chicago changed this rule in its 18th edition (2024). Before that it lowercased every preposition, so older tools and some publishers still do.
Check the guide you have been given. Style guides are updated, and teachers, journals and publishers often add their own rules. The rules above were checked against the sources linked in the table in November 2026. The Title styles tab compares all six at once and explains each word, which makes it quick to check a result against the rulebook.
Guide
How to use the case converter
- Type or paste your text, choose Upload file (TXT, DOCX, PDF and more), or enter an address under From web page.
- Pick a case under Choose a case. For Title Case, choose a title style too. The converted text appears under Result straight away.
- Open All cases to see your text in every case at once, or Title styles to compare APA, AP, Chicago, MLA, AMA and Bluebook and see why each word was changed.
- Select Copy result or Download .txt. To keep working on the converted text, select Use result as text; the Undo button brings the old text back.
- Add names and brands that must keep their capitals under Options, then Your own spellings. They are remembered in this browser.
FAQ
Frequently asked questions
How do I change uppercase to lowercase?
Paste your text and choose lower case. If you also want a capital at the start of each sentence, choose Sentence case instead, and check names, which stay lowercase unless they are on your own spellings list.
I typed with caps lock on. How do I fix it?
Paste the text and choose Sentence case. It lowercases everything, capitalizes each sentence and the word I, and restores common acronyms such as NASA and API. Names are not on any list, so read through and fix those by hand, or add them under Your own spellings.
What is the difference between title case and sentence case?
Sentence case capitalizes only the first word and proper nouns, like a normal sentence. Title case also capitalizes the main words, so headlines and book titles look like The Art of War. APA uses sentence case for article titles in a reference list, and title case for the titles of works mentioned in the text and for headings.
What is the difference between Title Case and Capitalized Case?
Capitalized Case capitalizes every word, so "The Art Of War". Title Case leaves small words such as "of" in lowercase, so "The Art of War". Use Title Case for headlines and titles, and Capitalized Case when every word should start with a capital.
Which title style should I use?
Use the one your teacher, journal or publisher asks for. APA is common in psychology, education and the social sciences, MLA in the humanities, Chicago in history and book publishing, AP in news writing, AMA in medicine and the Bluebook in law. If nothing is specified, pick one and use it throughout the document.
Why does APA capitalize "with" but Chicago does not?
APA capitalizes every word of four letters or more, so "with" and "from" are capitalized. Chicago 18 lowercases prepositions of four letters or fewer and capitalizes those of five letters or more, so "with" and "from" stay lowercase but "between" and "through" are capitalized. MLA lowercases every preposition, whatever its length.
Does it capitalize names and brands?
Common acronyms and brands such as NASA, HTML, iPhone, YouTube and JavaScript are restored to their usual spelling, and words you typed with capitals inside them, like eBay, are kept. Names of people and places are not on any list, so add the ones you need under Options and Your own spellings, or fix them by hand.
How are words split for camelCase, snake_case and kebab-case?
The converter splits on spaces, hyphens, underscores, dots, slashes and other symbols, and also between a lowercase letter or digit and a capital. A run of capitals followed by a word is split before the last capital, so HTMLParser becomes html_parser. Digits stay attached to the word they follow, so utf8Encoder becomes utf8_encoder. Apostrophes are dropped, so "don't" becomes dont.
Does it work for languages other than English?
UPPER CASE and lower case work for any language that has capital letters, and German "ß" becomes "SS" in capitals. The Title Case and Sentence case rules are for English: other languages have different rules. The developer cases keep words in other alphabets whole, so Hindi or Chinese words are joined but not changed.
Is my text uploaded or stored?
Text you type or paste, and files you upload, are converted in your browser and are not sent to this site or to anyone else. Two things do use the network. Reading a PDF downloads the open-source PDF.js reader from the jsDelivr CDN, but your file stays on your device. And From web page sends the address you enter to a small page-reading service run by this site on Cloudflare Workers, which fetches that public page and returns its text. The service is written to store and log neither the address nor the text, although Cloudflare handles the request as any web host does. A copy of your text is kept in your browser's local storage so a refresh does not lose your work, and Clear removes it. This page also loads the advertising and analytics scripts that run across the site, so avoid pasting highly confidential material into any web page you do not control.
Can I upload a file or convert the text of a web page?
Yes. Under Upload file, choose a TXT, MD, CSV, HTML, SRT, VTT, RTF, DOCX, ODT or PDF file of up to 10 MB. It is read inside your browser. Text beyond 2 million characters is cut off, only the first 300 pages of a PDF are read, and a scanned PDF that holds only images has no text to read. Under From web page, enter an address to load the text of that page, either the main content or the whole page.
Why can't it read some web pages?
The page reader fetches a page the way a simple browser would. It cannot open pages that need a login, sites that refuse automated visits (some large news sites return an error), or pages that add their text with JavaScript after loading. It reads about the first 1.5 MB of a page, gives up after 8 seconds, and allows about 12 pages a minute per visitor. For anything it cannot read, copy the text from the page and paste it into the box.
Is there a limit on how much text I can convert?
Typed or pasted text has no fixed limit, but everything runs in your browser, so very long text (hundreds of thousands of characters) can make the page slower. Uploaded files are limited as described above. For large documents, convert one section at a time.
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Last updated: November 2026